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Clinical psychotherapists typically receive supervision from senior psychotherapists both during training and in their subsequent clinical practice. Supervision typically involves discussing challenging patient cases, new treatment methods and other issues related to the practical work of psychotherapists. Clinical supervision is generally proposed to enhance therapists’ competence, improve treatment outcomes and …

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is an effective evidence-based treatment for depression and anxiety. CBT involves a number of separate components aimed at changing unhelpful behaviour patterns and challenging unhelpful thinking styles. Recording which of these components are used in therapy sessions can be useful in both clinical practice and research …

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of death and disability in the United States, contributing to over 440,000 deaths each year. Despite the negative health consequences associated with smoking, most smokers find it difficult to quit. For example, over 40% of the 48 million Americans make a serious cessation attempt …

Approximately 1 in 4 people will experience an anxiety disorder at some point in their life. Although these conditions are often debilitating, upwards of 50% of people with an anxiety disorder will not receive any treatment during their lifetime. Thus, although clinical science has spent the past 30 years developing …

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can effectively treat common mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety, insomnia and stress-related disorders. However, access to treatment is low and few patients receive adequate treatment. Studies show that CBT is an effective treatment also when delivered as guided self-help, where therapists give support to some …

Research shows that cognitive behaviour therapy can be successfully delivered via the internet or telephone. Across the world, digital mental health services are now being implemented as part of routine care. One such digital mental health service is the Practitioner Online Referral and Treatment Service (PORTS). PORTS was commissioned by …

Major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders are some of the most commonly occurring mental health conditions in the US.  Exercise, particularly at a moderate intensity (like brisk walking), has been found to be effective in reducing depression and anxiety as well as enhancing quality of life. However, it is unclear …

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depression but many people still cannot access therapy. Delivering CBT via the internet has the potential to provide a widely accessible and cost-effective solution to improving access to psychological treatment. Whilst some studies have found that computerised CBT is acceptable to …

Treatment of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the progression to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has changed drastically over the past few decades. Indeed, HIV/AIDS has transitioned from a near “death sentence” into a chronic condition that can be managed. Due to treatment advances, people living with HIV/AIDS can live …

Experiential avoidance (EA) refers to a person being unwilling to remain in contact with certain uncomfortable thoughts, bodily sensations, and emotions, and taking steps to escape or avoid these experiences. EA has been linked with several different psychiatric disorders, difficulty identifying one’s emotions, and difficulty with emotion regulation. It is …